Kamfanonin fasaha a Los Angeles da Silicon Valley suna ba da ayyukansu na sa kai, gami da tura jiragen sama marasa matuki sanye da ikon wucin gadi (AI) "don gano barkewar cutar da kuma isa zuwa sabbin wuraren wuta da wuri-wuri," in ji NBC Bay Area. Kamfanin dillancin labaran ya ce wadannan jirage marasa matuka "za su iya kusantar wuta fiye da mutane kuma suna iya aiki da tauraron dan adam don taimakawa taswirar gobara."
Mutane da yawa suna ganin amfani da waɗannan fasahohin a matsayin “mai canza doka” a fagen kashe gobara. A cewar rahotanni na baya-bayan nan, sauyin yanayi, tsarin kula da ƙasa, da halayyar ɗan adam mai sauƙi ya haifar da karuwar gobarar daji a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kuma masu ba da agajin gaggawa sun juya zuwa sababbin tsarin don magance haɗarin da ke karuwa. Musamman ma, ana amfani da hankali na wucin gadi don haɓaka aiki da tsara manyan bayanai masu alaƙa da wuta. Wannan bayanin zai iya taimaka wa masu kashe gobara mafi kyawun tura albarkatu, yanke shawara da hana gobara daga yaduwa.
Alƙawarin California ga Fasahar Drone
Ƙoƙarin da Los Angeles ke yi a halin yanzu na yin amfani da tsarin marasa matuƙa, basirar wucin gadi, da fasahohin da ke da alaƙa sun gina kan dogon lokaci na California na yin amfani da jirage marasa matuƙa don yaƙar gobara. A cikin wata sanarwa da aka fitar ranar 13 ga watan Janairu game da martanin gobarar daji da sarrafa gandun daji, California ta tabbatar da cewa "Cal Fire ya ninka amfani da jirage marasa matuka don ayyuka masu mahimmanci irin su kunna wuta a lokacin da aka ba da izini, sarrafa wutar daji da kuma kimantawa na ainihin lokaci."
Sanarwar ta kara da cewa California ta kuma tura LiDAR Intelligence Artificial Intelligence (AI) da taswirorin 3D don samar da bayanan sirri na ainihin lokacin don taimakawa masu kashe gobara "karin fahimta da kuma mayar da martani ga hadadden wuri" da kuma inganta hanyar da take ba da "umarni na ficewa, bayanan mafaka na gida, rufe hanya, da dai sauransu." a yadda suke sadarwa. A lokuta da yawa, waɗannan fasahohin suna aiki tare da jirage marasa matuka don cimma wannan muhimmin aiki.
Rikicin da ake fama da shi yanzu a birnin Los Angeles ba shi ne karon farko da ake amfani da jirage marasa matuka ba a California don taimakawa wajen yakar gobara. Misali, jirage marasa matuka sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin Dixie Fire a shekarar 2021. A cewar Inside Unmanned Systems, jiragen an sanye su da “pellets permanganate potassium permanganate wadanda suka fashe da wuta lokacin da aka huda su da allura da ethylene glycol. Ƙwayoyin da ake kira “kwai ɗora,” suna taimaka wa masu kashe gobara su yi “haɗaɗɗiyar iska,” tsarin da ya samo asali daga “gudanarwa,” inda “wuta ke kunna wuta a wurin da wutar ba ta yaɗu ba tukuna,” a cewar Inside Unmanned Systems. inda har yanzu gobarar ba ta yadu don katse mai."
Bugu da kari, a lokacin Dixie Fire, wasu jirage marasa matuka suna sanye da kayan aikin infrared. Wannan ya taimaka wa ma'aikatan kashe gobara "sun sami wurare masu zafi a ƙarƙashin ciyawa kuma su ba da kyan gani a sama."
Jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu sun kuma taimaka da bincike mai mahimmanci a lokacin da kuma bayan gobarar tsaunuka ta 2017 da 2018 ta California. A cewar Commercial Drone News, "An yi amfani da jirage marasa matuka a cikin al'ummomi da yawa don samar da kimantawar lalacewar iska, taswira, takardun wuraren da abin ya shafa, da kuma inganta fahimtar halin da ake ciki ga ƙungiyoyin mayar da martani na gaggawa a ainihin lokaci."
Matsalar Jiragen Sama marasa izini
Akwai ƙarin misalai da yawa na jiragen da ke taimakawa masu kashe gobara suna yin ayyuka masu mahimmanci a California da kuma duniya baki ɗaya, amma wasu batutuwa masu banƙyama tare da motoci marasa matuka sun fito a gaba a lokacin rikicin baya-bayan nan a Los Angeles. Ba a samo waɗannan matsalolin ta hanyar izinin amfani da fasaha mara matuki a hukumance ba. Rikici, jahilai da ma'aikatan jirgin marasa izini ne suka haddasa su.
Ya zuwa ranar Laraba, 15 ga watan Janairu, an kama mutane uku da jiragen sama marasa izini da suka hana yunkurin kai daukin gaggawa a yankin Los Angeles, a cewar UAS Vision. A daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru, wani jirgin mara matuki mai zaman kansa ya fada kan wani jirgin sama mai kashe gobara da ake kira Super Scooper, lamarin da ya sa ya kasa aiwatar da muhimmin aikinsa.
Rahoton na UAS Vision ya bayyana cewa, "An aiwatar da takunkumin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na wucin gadi a yankin wutar daji kuma hukumomin tarayya sun tura tawagogin kasa don kame matukan jirgin da ke karya dokar FAA." A dunkule, hukumomin yankin sun hango jiragen sama masu zaman kansu guda 48 suna shawagi a yankin da ake fama da wutar daji.
Jiragen Sama marasa matuka suna amfanar Jama'a
A daidai lokacin da yawancin fa'idodin tsarin da ba a sarrafa ba don aikace-aikacen kashe gobara ke kan gabaɗaya, halin rashin kulawa da rashin bin ka'idodin waɗannan ma'aikatan jiragen sama masu zaman kansu ya haifar da damuwa sosai game da yawaitar amfani da motoci marasa matuƙa. Wadannan dabi'un suna dauke da hankali daga ingantattun rahotannin jirage marasa matuka da ke amfanar jama'a.
Kamar yadda marubuci mai ba da gudummawar Carla Lauter ya bayyana kwanan nan a cikin Kasuwancin Drone News, "Yayin da yake da sauƙi ga waɗanda ba su da masaniya da aikin jirgin sama don yin tunanin yiwuwar mummunan aiki, gaskiyar game da jiragen sama-musamman a cikin kasuwanci da aikace-aikacen soja-ya fi amfani fiye da yadda mutane da yawa suka gane." A cikin Amurka da ma duniya baki ɗaya, masana'antar maras kyau, sabbin abubuwa da ingantaccen tsari suna ba da fa'idodin al'umma marasa ƙima a fannoni kamar amincin jama'a, tilasta doka da ba da agajin gaggawa, in ji ta.
Da fatan, masu sarrafa jiragen sama masu zaman kansu za su koyi darussa masu mahimmanci daga waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru a Los Angeles, kuma hukumomin jama'a da masu kula da su za su sami sababbin hanyoyin da za su iya hana ayyukan jiragen sama marasa izini, kiyaye lafiyar jama'a, da kuma kara inganta amfani da tsarin marasa amfani a cikin ayyukan gaggawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-21-2025